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1 μορμύρος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: name of a sea-fish of the family of the breams (Sparidae), `Pagellus mormyrus' (Arist., Archestr.); details in Thompson Fishes s.v.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Acc. to Strömberg Fischnamen 76 "prob. after the sound, which arises from its quick movement in the water". In the same meaning also μύρμη (Epich. 62). The connection with μύρομαι, μύρω `flow, trickle' (Strömberg l.c.) is not convincing. -- After Bq and Huber Comm. Aenip. 9 p. 9 a Mediterr. word. -- Lat. LW [loanword] murmillō `gladiator with Gaulish helm, on top of which was a fish'; s. W.-Hofmann s.v. - The variant μύρμη makes a Pre-Greek word probable.Page in Frisk: 2,254Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μορμύρος
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2 ὀνίσκος
I a sea-fish of the gadus or cod kind, Dorio ap. Ath.3.118c, Euthyd. ap. eund.7.315f, Gal.6.721.III = ὄνος VII. 1, windlass, crane, Hp.Fract.13, Art.72, Ath.Mech.14.7, Ph.Bel.68.5, Hero Bel. 84.14.IV ὀνίσκος· τεκτονικὸς πρίων, Hsch.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὀνίσκος
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3 σαπέρδης
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: name of a fish, that is identified with κορακῖνος and πλατίστακος and which is suspected to be from the Nile, the Black Sea but also from other waters (Hp., com. etc.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin] (V)Etymology: Foreign word. Thompson Fishes s. v. (with extensive treatment) reminds of Arab. ṣabār, Copt. šabouri, name of a well known fish of the Nile, Tilapia nilotica. Phonetically closer is the Lyd. PN Sa-par-da-a-a (Grošelj Živa Ant. 7, 43), but there is no indication that the word belongs to the fish name. -- Furnée 153 connects σάβειρος κόραξ. (Lat. saperda, a fish, is prob. a loan from Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,676-677Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σαπέρδης
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4 μύλλος
μύλλος, ὁ, an edible sea-fish, prob.A Sciaena umbra, Ar.Fr. 414, Ephipp.12.4; brought salted from the Black Sea, Gal.6.729,747; a similar fish found in the Danube, Ael.NA14.23; cf.μύλος 11
, πλατίστακος. -
5 φθείρ
A louse, Archil.137, Heraclit.56, Hdt.2.37, 4.168, Ar. Pax 740, al., IG 42(1).122.45 (Epid., iv B. C.), etc.: prov., πρὸς φθεῖρα κείρασθαι, i. e. to be close shaven, Eub.32; of the morbus pedicularis ([etym.] φθειρίασις), τὴν σάρκα εἰς φθεῖρας μεταβάλλειν Plu.Sull.36
; /5.2.23;ὁ γευσάμενος.. φθειρσὶν ἐξέζεσεν Ael.NA9.19
.2 of lice that infest animals, Arist.HA 556b22; birds, ib. 557a11; fish, ib. 557a22; also vegetables,μὴ ὁ σῖτος φθειρὶ ζέσῃ Luc.Ep.Sat.26
, cf. Ctes.Fr.57.21, Gal.6.572;οὐ ποιήσει φθεῖρας ἡ ἄμπελος Gp.5.30.1
.IV middle part of the rudder, Poll.1.89. -
6 περσεύς
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: name of an unknown fish in the Red Sea (Ael. NA 3, 28); also πέρσος ὁ ἰχθῦς ποιὸς ἐν Έρυθρᾳ̃ γινόμενος H.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Acc. to Ael. l.c. identical with the PN, what Strömberg Fischn. 96 tries to motivate. Rather a transformed foreign word (cf. Bosshardt 71). Thompson Fishes s. v. considers to identify the περσεύς with the Arab. fish bohar in meaning, evtl. also linguistically(?).Page in Frisk: 2,517Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > περσεύς
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7 σμαρίς
σμαρίς, - ίδοςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: name of a small fish, resembling the μαινίς, `Sparus smaris' (Epich., Arist., Opp., Marc. Sid. a.o.; s. Thompson Fishes s.v.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Origin unknown; certainly a Mediterranean word. Against connection with σμηρίζειν `plane' (Hero; Strömberg 87) speaks the almost general shortness of the ᾰ (ᾱ only Marc. Sid.). -- Furnée 226 compares σπάρος ` a small sea-fish, a kind of bream'; the comparison is convincing; so Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,747-748Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σμαρίς
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8 βυθός
βυθός, οῦ, ὁ (s. βυθίζω; Aeschyl., Hippocr. et al.; Alex. Ep. II, 10; Herm. Wr. 16, 5; Mag. pap: POxy 886, 10; PGM 13, 1072; LXX, TestSol; JosAs 12:10 cod. A βυθὸν τῆς θαλάσσης; Philo; SibOr 3, 481; Mel., Fgm. 8b, 17 and 35 P.) depth of the sea, sea, deep water ἐν τῷ β. adrift at sea 2 Cor 11:25. Of deep sea fish ἐν τῷ β. νήχεται they swim (only) in deep water B 10:5 (cp. Aelian, NA 2, 15; 9, 57). Of water gener.: ἐκ (τοῦ) β. (SibOr 4, 60) Hv 3, 2, 5f; 3, 5, 2; Hs 9, 3, 3 and 5; 9, 4, 3f; 9, 5, 3; 9, 15, 4; 9, 16, 1 and 5; 9, 17, 3.—DELG. M-M. -
9 κίναιδος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `lewd man, catamite' (Pl., Herod.),Compounds: In compp., e. g. κιναιδο-λογέω (Str.); name of a sea-fish (Plin.), a bird (= κιναίδιον, Gal.).Derivatives: κιναίδιον (- ιος) name of the ἴυγξ (H., Phot.), the wagtail (sch.) etc., κιναιδίας m. `stone, found in the fish κίναιδος' (Plin.), - ία `lewdness' (Aeschin.), - ώδης `like a κ.' (sch.); κιναιδίζω `be a κ.' (Antioch. Astr.) with κιναίδισμα (Eust.), also - δεύομαι (sch.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Unexplained. Acc. to Archigenes (ap. Gal. 12, 800) Syrian. Prob. Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 1,854Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κίναιδος
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10 κιρρός
Grammatical information: adj.Compounds: Compp.: ὑπό- (Hp., Dsc., Gal.), ἔγ-κιρρος (Dsc.; Strömberg Prefix Studies 127), κιρρο-ειδής (Apollod. Myth.).Derivatives: κιρρώδης (Hippiatr.). κιρρίς f. `a sea-fish (Opp.); cf. κηρίς s. κηρός ( κιρρά [for κίρρα?] H.); also = εἶδος ἱέρακος (EM 515, 15); cf. κεῖρις ὄρνεον, ἱέραξ, οἱ δε ἁλκυόνα H., from which Lat. cīris `sea-bird', s. W.-Hofmann s. v.; also κίρις... ὄρνεον H.;Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Quite uncertain hypotheses in v. Blumenthal Hesychst. 40f. - On the geminata - ρρ- cf. πυρρός (or expressive?). Unexplained. The comparison with Lith. šir̃mas, šir̃vas `(blew)grey' (Prellwitz, Frisk IF 49, 99) is problematic as regards the vowels, as Lith. -ir̃- is prob. zero grade (Pok. 573f.). Acc. to others to Slav., e. g. R.-CSl. sěrь `grey', MIr. cīar `dark' etc. (Pok. 540f.); diff. on the Slav. words Vasmer Wb. s. séruj.Page in Frisk: 1,857Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κιρρός
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11 σαργός
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: name of a fish, `Sargus Rondeletii' (com., Arist. a.o.)Derivatives: - ίον n. `id.' (Gp.); - ῖνος m. name of a sea fish that appears in schools, `garfish ( ?)' (Epich., Dorio, Arist.); cf. κεστρ- ῖνος, σαρδ-ῖνος a.o.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Mediterranean word of unknown origin; on the facts Thompson Fishes s. v. The word will be Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,677Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σαργός
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12 κιθάρα
Grammatical information: f.Other forms: Ion. - ρηCompounds: Compp., e. g. κιθαρο-αοιδός (Com.), usually contracted κιθαρῳδός (IA.) `lyre-singer' with κιθαρῳδέω etc., ἀ-κίθαρις `withou l.' (A.).Derivatives: κίθαρος m. 1. `thorax' (Hp. Loc. Hom.; after the form); 2. name of a flatfish (Com., Arist.; after the form) with κιθάριον (Ptol. Euerg.); also κιθαρῳδός name of a fish in the Red Sea (Ael.; after the painting of the colours; Thompson Fishes s. v., Strömberg Fischnamen 38). - Denomin. verb κιθαρίζω `play the lyre', also of string-instruments in gen. and of the accompanying songs (Il.; Schwyzer 736; on the meaning E. Diehl RhM N. F. 89, 96f.) with several derivv.: κιθαριστύς f. (Il.), κιθάρισις (Pl.), - ισμός (Call.) `playing the l., the art of...'; attempt at semantic differentiation in Benveniste Noms d'agent 69, s. also Porzig Satzinhalte 181; κιθάρισμα `piece of music for the l.' (Pl.); κιθαριστής `l.-player etc.' (h. Hom. 25, 3, Hes.) with - ίστρια (Arist.), also - ιστρίς (Nic. Dam.), - ιστικός (Pl.), - ιστήριος (hell.) `belonging to the playing of...'.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Pre-Greek. Wrong explanations from IE. and Semit. in Bq.Page in Frisk: 1,850-851Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κιθάρα
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13 ἵππος
ἵππος, ὁ,A horse, ἡ, mare, most freq. fem. in Poets; in fullθήλεες ἵπποι Il.5.269
;ἵπποι θήλειαι 11.680
, Od.4.635;ἄρσενες ἵπποι 13.81
, cf. Hdt.3.86, Pl.Hp.Ma. 288b: pl., ἵπποι team of chariot-horses, Il.16.370, al.: freq. in dual, 5.237, 8.41, al.: hence, of the chariot itself, ἀφ' ἵπποιιν, ἀφ' ἵππων, from the chariot, Il.5.13,19,al.; καθ' ἵππων ἆλτο, ἐξ ἵππων βῆσε, ib. 111, 163; ἵππων ἐπιβησόμενος intending to mount his chariot, ib.46; opp.πεζοί, πλῆτο δὲ πᾶν πεδίον πεζῶν τε καὶ ἵππων Od.14.267
, cf. 9.49;ἵπποι τε καὶ ἀνέρες Il.2.554
;λαός τε καὶ ἵπποι 18.153
; of riders,νῶθ' ἵππων ἐπιβάντες ἐθύνεον Hes.Sc. 286
; freq. of race-horses,ἵ. ἀκαμαντόποδες Pi.O.3.4
;ἀελλόποδες Simon.7
;ἀθληταί Lys.19.63
: metaph., ἁλὸς ἵ., of ships, Od.4.708, cf. Secund. Sent.17.2 the constellation Pegasus, Eudox. ap. Hipparch.1.2.12, Ptol.Tetr.27, Vett.Val.12.11.3 title of Hecate in the Mithraic cult, Porph.Abst.4.16.4 perh. an instrument of torture, Lat. eculeus, Plu.Luc.20(pl.).II as Collective Noun, ἵππος, ἡ, horse, cavalry, ἡ τῶν Θεσσαλῶν ἵ. Hdt.5.64, etc.: always in sg., even with numerals, ἵ. χιλίη a thousand horse, Id.7.41; μυρίη ibid.; μυρία, τρισμυρία, A.Pers. 302, 315; ἡ διακοσία ἵ. Th.1.62;ἵππον ἔχω εἰς χιλίαν X.Cyr.4.6.2
.III a sea-fish, Antim. et Numen. ap. Ath. 7.304e; but ὁ ἵ. ὁ ποτάμιος the hippopotamus, Hdt.2.71, Arist.HA 502a9;ὁ ἵ. τοῦ Νείλου Ach.Tat.4.2
.b pudenda muliebria et virilia, Hsch.V a complaint of the eyes, such that they are always winking, Gal.16.611,al. (also in Hp., acc. to [Gal.]19.436).VI title of ministrants ('chuckersout') in certain religious ceremonies, IG22.1368.144 (Athens, ii A.D.), 3.1280a.VII in compds., to express anything large or coarse, as in our horse-chestnut, horse-laugh, v. ἱππό-κρημνος, -λάπαθον, -μάραθον, -πορνος, -σέλινον, -τυφία, and cf. βου-. (From ἴκϝος, v. ἴκκος; cf. Skt. aśvas, Lat. equus: the ἴ- (in place of e-) and the aspirate are unexplained; the latter acc. to Gell.2.3.2 was confined to Attic; cf. Λεύκ-ιππος, Γλαύκ-ιππος.) -
14 ὑπογάστριον
ὑπογάστρ-ιον, τό,A the lower belly from the navel downwards, the paunch, Hp.Aph.4.80, Arist.HA 503a17, Sor.2.48, etc.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὑπογάστριον
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15 γόμφος
γόμφος, ὁ,A bolt, for ship-building, Od.5.248; for other uses, Hes. Op. 431, A.Th. 542; dowel, SIG246ii40 (Delph., iv B. C.);γόμφοις καὶ περόνῃσιν ἀρηρότε Parm.1.20
;γόμφῳ ἢ κόλλῃ ἢ ἁφῇ Arist.Ph. 227a17
, cf. Metaph. 1052a24: generally, bond, fastening, as of the cross-ribs of Egyptian canoes, Hdt.2.96; of the ankle-joint, Arist.PA 654b21; of the in visible bonds uniting the partieles of the body, Pl.Ti. 43a: metaph., γ. κατάστοργοι, of love, Emp.87; τῶνδ' ἐφήλωται.. γόμφος διαμπάξ these things are determined, A.Supp. 945:—acc. to EM238.4, γ. were prop. of wood; but cf.γ. χαλκοί IG9
(1).691 (Corc.),γ. σιδηροῖ Plb.13.7.9
.2 instrument for cautery, Hippiatr.97.3 = γόμφιος, Hsch. -
16 δράκων
A dragon, serpent, Il.11.39, al.; interchangeable with ὄφις, 12.202, 208, cf. Hes. Th. 322, 825, Pi.N.1.40, A.Th. 292 (lyr.);ἀετὸς καὶ δ. πολέμια Arist.HA 609a4
; perh. a water-snake, ib. 602b25.II the constellation Draco, Arat.46, al., Man.2.69.IV = κηρύκειον, prob. a wand with a serpent coiled round it, S.Fr. 700 (cf. 701).3 a noose or crossed bandage for the ankle, Heraclas ap.Orib.48.5.1. -
17 κολοφών
A summit, top, finishing, κολοφῶνα ἐπιτιθέναι put the finishing touch to.., Pl.Euthd. 301e, Lg. 673d;τὸν κ. προσβιβάζειν Id.Tht. 153c
;κ. ἐπάγειν τῷ λόγῳ Ael.NA13.12
;κολοφὼν ἐπὶ τῷ λόγῳ εἰρήσθω Pl.Lg. 674c
;κ. τοῦ λόγου Com.Adesp.433
; later κ. τῆς ἀσεβείας height of impiety, Jul.Gal. 333c; of persons, ὁ κ. τῆς ἀδικίας the arch-criminal, Lib.Decl.30.12;τῶν ἀτοπημάτων κ. Zos.4.15
. (Expld. by Str.14.1.28 from the belief that the cavalry of Colophon was so excellent that it always decided the contest.)Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > κολοφών
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18 λύρα
A lyre, a stringed instrument with a sounding-board formed of the shell of a tortoise (not in Il. or Od.), h.Merc. 423, Margites 1, Pi.O.10(11).93, N.10.21, etc.; (lyr.); τὸν ἄνευ λύρας θρῆνον (since the dirge was accompanied by the flute) A.Ag. 990 (lyr.); λ. καὶ κιθάρα (q. v.) Pl.R. 399d, cf. Aristid. Quint.2.16: prov. ὄνος λύρας (sc. ἀκούων), v. ὄνος; ἀνὴρ δὲ φεύγων οὐ μένει λύρας κτύπον Ar.Fr.11 D.III the constellation Lyra, Anacr.99, Arat. 269; Μουσῶν λ., of the Pleiades, Pythag. ap. Arist.Fr. 196.IV a sea-fish, perh. Trigla lyra, Arist.HA 535b17. -
19 πάρδαλις
πάρδᾰλις or [full] πόρδᾰλις (v. infr.), ἡ, gen. εως, [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion. ιος Il.17.20, etc. ; dat. ει Ar.Nu. 347:—A leopard, Felis pardus, Il. 13.103, 17.20, 21.573, Od.4.457, h.Ven.71, Semon.(?)in PLit.Lond. 53r.3, Arist. HA 500a28, Phgn. 809b36, Opp.C.3.63, etc.—Acc. to Apion (ap. Apollon.Lex. s.v. πόρδαλις) πόρδαλις was the male, πάρδαλις the female, cf. Hsch. ; but πόρδαλις was used of the animal, παρδαλέη of its skin, acc. to EM652.38, Phot. ; Aristarch. wrote πάρδ- in Hom. ; Ar. has πάρδ- Nu. l. c., but ; πάρδ- is found in Pl. La. 196e, Thphr.CP6.5.2, 6.17.9, and always in Arist. ; πόρδ- in S. Ichn.296.II a ravenous sea-fish, Ael.NA9.49, Opp.H.1.368.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πάρδαλις
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20 σκάρος
σκάρος, ὁ, a sea-fish, theA parrot-wrasse, Scarus cretensis, supposed by the ancients to chew the cud, Epich.54, Arist.HA 508b11, Archestr.Frr.13,41 (where σπάρον is dub. cj.), PCair.Zen.83.2 (iii B.C.), Gal.Vict.Att.8. (Prob. from σκαίρω, Arist.Fr. 332.) [[pron. full] ᾰ, ll. cc.; [pron. full] ᾱ dub. in Philem.79.20.]------------------------------------A = σκαρθμός, EM723.2. [full] σκαρπαδεῦσαι, v. σκαπερδεύω. [full] σκάρτας· ταχύς, Hsch. [full] σκαρφᾶσθαι· σκεδάννυσθαι, Id. (Cf. οδοσκάρφα.) [full] σκάρφος, v. κάρφος.
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